Search results for "technical standard"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
Technical standards in allergen exposure chambers worldwide - an EAACI Task Force Report
2021
Allergen exposure chambers (AECs) can be used for controlled exposure to allergenic and non-allergenic airborne particles in an enclosed environment, in order to (i) characterize the pathological features of respiratory diseases and (ii) contribute to and accelerate the clinical development of pharmacological treatments and allergen immunotherapy for allergic disease of the respiratory tract (such as allergic rhinitis, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and allergic asthma). In the guidelines of the European Medicines Agency for the clinical development of products for allergen immunotherapy (AIT), the role of AECs in determining primary endpoints in dose-finding Phase II trials is emphasized. A…
Legal Liability of Professional Engineers: The Case of a Fire at a Shopping Center
2019
In this paper, the authors discuss the legal liabilities of the professional engineer as both the engineer of record of a project and the construction site manager. In particular, this paper analyzes the case of a fire at an end-user MV/LV substation of a shopping center in Italy, occurred a few years after maintenance works on the electrical installation. The professional engineer who had designed and overseen the construction of the substation was accused of criminal negligence. The authors through the examination of applicable technical standards, as well as of safety regulations, demonstrate that the professional engineer had acted diligently and that there was no ground for the neglige…
Test Bench Realization and Application of Specific Working Cycles for the Characterization of Wheelchair Electrical Drives
2006
The life quality of motion disabled people is increased by the use of more and more sophisticated electrical wheelchairs. Despite the diffusion of such aid tools, specific technical standards for the determination of characteristic parameters of their electric drives are not so developed as the ones available for urban electric vehicles. In this paper, in order to define new technical standards for wheelchairs electrical drives, a wheelchair test bench has been purposely carried out. Moreover two specific working cycles, previously conceived and defined by some of the Authors to characterize the performances of the propulsion systems suitable for electrical wheelchair applications, have bee…
An Innovative Conversion Device to the Grid Interface of Combined RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems
2015
This paper is focused on the development of an innovative device, which is based on a bidirectional converter, for the interface to the supply utility grid of combined renewable-energy-source-based generators and electric storage systems. The device can be controlled so as to ease the interface between the low-voltage grid and photovoltaic or wind generators combined with lithium-ion $\hbox{LiFePO}_{4} $ batteries, taking into account the requirements of the reference technical standards for users connection and offering different ancillary services. The operational functioning of the device, the architecture, and its electronic components, as well as laboratory and field test activities an…
A bidirectional converter for the integration of LiFePO4 batteries with RES-based generators. Part II: Laboratory and field tests
2014
This paper presents a device for controlling and connecting combined Renewable Energy Sources (RES)-based generators and electric storage systems to the supply utility grid. The device is a bidirectional converter that can be controlled in order to facilitate the interface between the low voltage grid and small generators combined with Li-ion batteries, contemporary addressing the requirements of the reference technical standards for users connection and providing different ancillary services. The paper describes the laboratory and field test activities carried out by the DEIM of the University of Palermo and ENEA during 2013.
Space syntax analysis applied to urban street lighting: Relations between spatial properties and lighting levels
2019
According to the international technical standards, higher lighting levels (luminance and illuminance levels) are expected in trafficked and central roads (where restrictive minimum lighting requirements are necessary) and lower lighting levels are expected in peripheral and less trafficked roads. Starting from this assumption, in this paper, the authors analyse the correlations between spatial properties (expressed by spatial indicators, for example, the integration index and the choice index) and lighting levels (expressed by lighting parameters, for example luminance and illuminance) upon roads of an urban context. The analysis has been applied to the case study of the medium sized town …
Contractual Solutions for Digitalized Cross-Company Value Networks in Industry 4.0 - Part 1: Introduction
2021
This series of papers deals with issues of contract law in Industrie 4.0. It is based on the law of the Federal Republic of Germany. Part 1 introduces the topic and explains the legal problems that arise in Industrie 4.0. Part 2 deals with issues of contract law: How are contracts concluded among autonomous software agents, what types of contracts come into question, and how must general terms and conditions be structured. Part 3 looks at issues of licensing law and intellectual property in data. Part 4 looks at the liability of autonomous systems in Industry and provides an outlook on possible future solutions. Industrial production is increasingly taking place in digitized value chains in…
Comparing indoor performances of a building equipped with four different roof configurations in 65 Italian sites
2020
Abstract—Despite the increasing concern of institutions and technical organizations toward the improvement of the building energy (and, therefore, environmental) efficiency, the main goal of technicians should be also devoted toward the levels of internal thermal comfort that buildings are able to realize. As that, the relationships between energy performances and comfort conditions provided by the enclosures are of paramount importance in guiding designers in their work. In this paper, the influence of diverse roof construction typologies on energy and indoor performance of buildings has been investigated, in different Italian sites during heating and cooling seasons. In addition, it must …
A Bidirectional Converter for the Integration of LiFePO4 Batteries with RES-based Generators Part I: Revising and Finalizing Design
2014
This paper presents a device for controlling and connecting combined Renewable Energy Sources (RES)-based generators and electric storage systems to the supply utility grid. The device is a bidirectional converter that can be controlled in order to facilitate the interface between the low voltage grid and small generators combined with lithium-ion LiFePO4 batteries, contemporary addressing the requirements of the reference technical standards for users connection and providing different ancillary services. The paper describes the revising and finalizing activities carried out by the DEIM of the University of Palermo and ENEA during 2013.
Contract Law Solutions for Digitalized Cross-Company Value Networks in Industry 4.0: Part 2: Contract Law
2021
The original German version of this text is available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=3767069 This series of papers deals with issues of contract law in Industrie 4.0. It is based on the law of the Federal Republic of Germany. Part 1 introduces the topic and explains the legal problems that arise in Industrie 4.0. Part 2 deals with issues of contract law: How are contracts concluded among autonomous software agents, what types of contracts come into question, and how must general terms and conditions be structured. Part 3 looks at issues of licensing law and intellectual property in data. Part 4 looks at the liability of autonomous systems in Industry and provides an outlook on possible future …